The roots of global civil society? Transatlantic Circulation of Ideas between Western Europe and Latin America from the 1920s to the 1970s (Vol. 18 No. 2)
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From the interwar period, relations between Latin America and Europe took on new shapes, leading to an intensification in the transatlantic circulation of knowledge, ideas and cultural products. This circulation is closely intertwined with governmental initiatives geared towards developing political and economic influence abroad. In this context, Cultural Diplomacy (CD) and Public Diplomacy (PD) became very prominent in foreign policy strategies as tools for the development of Soft Power, while prompting redefinitions of cultural relations in the Transatlantic space. At the same time, non-governmental actors played an increasingly important role: in certain specific circumstances, their actions were coordinated by State institutions and they framed their targets and conduct within the broader foreign policy objectives of the government; on other occasions, they developed their own specific agendas for domestic and world affairs independently, sometimes even openly diverging from governmental foreign policy guidelines.
The chronological framework draws on the most recent historiographical studies on the longue durée of the Cold War. At the same time, it makes possible to focus on the connections and linkages between Europe and Latin America, going well beyond the spirit of the times of different historical periods and the political regimes that characterized specific conjunctures.
The special issue proposes an innovative approach to the study of the circulation of ideas and people in the transatlantic space between the interwar period and the end of the 1970s, aiming to answer the question: how have public bodies and non-governmental actors shape of the circulation of ideas and people in the transatlantic space and, therefore, contribute to the birth of a “global civil society”?
To provide some initial answers to this question, it will focus on the flow between Europe and Latin America, and specifically on the transnational networks developed between Western Europe and Latin America. By adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the study seeks to unravel the cultural, political, and social dynamics that characterized these transatlantic flows, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between the two regions.
The special issue will host articles related to the following topic areas:
Circulation of Political Models and Ideas:
- Investigate the role of PD and CD in the redefinition of cultural relations between sectors of the European and Latin American State institutions, political parties, and civil societies.
- Investigate how historical events and socio-political transformations in Western Europe influenced thought and practices in Latin America, and vice versa.
- Investigate the role played by the most relevant national and international non-governmental actors operating in the promotion of transnational political and cultural relations, in order to highlight the peculiarities of their action and the relationship between this action and the foreign policy of States.
- Investigate migratory flows between Western Europe and Latin America, considering motivations, impacts, and responses from societies on both sides of the Atlantic.
- Analyze exiles’ adaptation experiences, challenges, and opportunities.
Intellectual and Academic Exchanges:
- Explore the mobility of intellectuals, academics, and artists between the two continents and their impact on cultural and academic dynamics.
- Identify institutions, programs, and initiatives that facilitated the exchange of knowledge between Western Europe and Latin America.
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———. 1976. “Revistas re-vistas: os antropófagos.” In Poesia, antipoesia, antropofagia, ed. Augusto de Campos, 107-124. São Paulo: Cortez e Morães.
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